Many environmental factors constrain the production of major food crops in subsaharan africa and south asia. The paper is methodological in nature, but several pieces of. As a consequence many areas are unsuitable for crop cultivation. Soybean production, volume two, examines the impact of conditions on final crop yield and identifies core issues and methods to address concerns. Factors affecting crop production climatic edaphic. As climate and soil quality changes and issues continue to manifest around the world, methods of ensuring sustainable crop production is imperative. Factors affecting crop production climatic edaphic biotic physiographic and socio economic factors. If you need assistance in writing a more advanced essay at college or university level get in touch with us and we will help you. The effects of these organisms on crop growth and yield are varied. Jun 19, 2017 all the major environmental factors affecting agriculture can be divided into two categories.
Among these factors are 1 the growth and fruiting habits of the tree itself. Environmental factors affecting forage quality shannon c. The importance of water in plants and in crop production with emphasis on the general roles. Internal factors genetic factors the increase in crop yields and other desirable characters are related to genetic make up of plants. Environmental stresses in soybean production sciencedirect.
The increase in crop yields and other desirable characters are related to genetic make up of plants. Factors affecting crop production climatic edaphic biotic. Factors on crop production introduction the role of environmental factors on crop production are vital in plant growth and development. Top seven factors in crop production nebraska extension. Some of the environmental issues that are related to agriculture are climate change, deforestation, dead zones, genetic engineering, irrigation problems, pollutants, soil. Economic analysis of factors affecting cotton production in zimbabwe submitted by godfrey mahofa in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the. The environmental impact of agriculture varies based on the wide variety of agricultural practices employed around the world. It examines the influence of environmental factors on efficiency of rice in bangladesh. What are environmental factors that influence agriculture. Various biotic factors affect plant growth and nutrition and also pose a potential threat of reduced crop yields. Biotic factors means all factors or components of the environment that are biotic or living. The main objective of this thesis was to identify factors affecting cotton production in the country during the period 19652005. The environmental impact of agriculture involves a variety of factors from the soil, to water, the air, animal and soil variety, people, plants, and the food itself. In general, there are two factors affecting plant growth and development.
It is evident that there are various environmental factors are affecting agricultural production factors affecting plant growth and development. You will need to be able to discuss factors that affect the global distribution of agricultural systems. Certain factors like thermal affect is changing the status of pest by suppressing or stimulating genetic potential, rate of fecundity and mortality and range of hosts 21, 46. Dominion experimental station, beaverlodge, alberta. The environmental factors influencing the extent of crop agriculture are terrain, climate, soil properties, and soil water. This study was carried out to determine the factors affecting small scale coffee production in kenya. Therefore, these factors comprise of live organisms belonging to any kingdom such as animalia, plantae, fungi, monera, and protoctista. In this sense, a framework is outlined which can be used to estimate the characteristics of the probability distribution function pdf of crop yields which may not be normal or lognormal as usually is assumed. Heavier fertilization may encourage greater vegetative growth and better environmental conditions for certain disease organisms. Environmental factors can affect the yield and composition of corn silage. Management factors affecting legumes production in the indogangetic plain a ramakrishna, c l l gowda, and c johansen1 abstract grain legumes are very important in the indogangetic plain 1gp countries for their contribution to human and animal nutrition, as components of indigenous cropping systems, and as restorers of soil fertility. Climatic factors nearly 50 % of yield is attributed to the influence of climatic factors. Climate definition climate meteorological condition over a broader area. Cropland has been lost because of various reasons, the most noteworthy of them.
Farmers today compete in a complex economic environment where customers choose from produce grown all over the world and governments provide financial incentives for the production of certain crops rather than others. The environmental factor is considered external, and refers to all factors, biotic and abiotic, other. Agriculture is still believed to remain a determinant sector that. Impact of environmental factors on efficiency of rice. When environmental factors are unfavourable, farmers allocate more input for production sherlund et al. Environmental factors affecting agricultural productivity. Nerlovian supply response function was used to conduct the study. Corn silage is a major ingredient of diets for dairy cattle. To maximize the production of any crop, it is important to understand how these environmental factors affect plant growth and development. The objective of this paper is to discuss the effects of the environment on forage quality. Generally they are climate, pest,and soil, which then will be divided into several cofactors. Efficiency of boro production with environmental factors and without environmental factors is almost same but it varies for aus and aman. Environmental factors that influence the location of crop agriculture.
Environmental factors that affect plant growth include light. Unsustainable practices in irrigation and production may lead to increased salinisation of soil, depletion of soil nutrients, and erosion. Climatic factors nearly 50 % of yield is attributed to the. Environmental factors affecting plant growth osu extension service. Pdf factors affecting crop prodution in ethiopia bucyana. Abiotic factors anthropogenic and natural environmental variations are voraciously affecting the arthropods with the passage of time. In addition, productivity is also determined by many other factors, such as. Favourable conditions of environmental factors increase the production of rice. Environmental factors affecting crop production in nigeria. In the short term higher returns encourage growers to apply more inputs such as fertilisers and pesticides which increases the yield. Many types of weeds are there but the worst weeds are the peren. The study found that increases in temperature by about 2.
Genotype genetic design of a plant which dictates the. Crop production crop production can be viewed from two perspectives. This article focuses on the effects of environmental factors on agricul tural productivity in wisconsin. Light is one of the most important environmental factors that affect plant survival, growth, reproduction and.
High yielding ability early maturity resistance to lodging drought flood and salinity tolerance tolerance to insect pests and diseases chemical composition of grains oil content, protein content quality of grains fineness, coarseness quality of straw sweetness, juiciness. The environmental impact of agriculture is the effect that different farming practices have on the ecosystems around them, and how those effects can be traced back to those practices. Since cotton is an important cash crop for the country and for individual households, it has important implications for livelihoods of rural people. Environmental factors affecting plant growth osu extension. Environmental stress conditions in soybean production.
Plants grown in land completely depend on soil on which they grow. Role of enviromental factors on crop production plant. A basic understanding of the interrelations between factors affecting production is an essential prerequisite for an accurate assessment of production. It is the combination of these four environmental factors that create suitable conditions for specific crops to be grown in certain areas. Environmental factors that affect plant growth include light, temperature, water, humidity, and nutrition. An evidence from sindh, pakistan article pdf available in advances in environmental biology 109. Agricultural productivity depends on environmental, behavioural and policy dimension clapham, 1980. Aug 02, 2011 environmental factors that influence the extent of crop agriculture are terrain, climate, soil properties, and soil water. Aug 24, 2015 the essay above on environmental factors affecting crop production is among the many you will find online at best essay writing services. Although farming is one of the worlds oldest professions, modern farming is affected by uniquely modern economic factors.
Pdf environmental factors that affecting plant growth. Rainfall one of the most important factor influences the vegetation of a place. Crop production is greatly influenced by environmental factors, such as temperature, photoperiod, and soil moisture. Environmental factors affecting plant growth and crop yield. The climatic factors are abiotic or nonliving components of the environmental factors. High yielding ability early maturity resistance to lodging. These factors include growing conditions, stage of maturity at harvest, weather conditions during cutting, moisture at raking and baling, and storage conditions. Ultimately, the environmental impact depends on the production practices of the. Generally they are climate, pest,and soil, which then will be divided into several co factors. The influence of environmental change crops and water mdpi. Environmental effects on insects and their population dynamics. Total precipitation in amount and distribution greatly affects the.
It is important to understand how these factors affect plant growth and development. Top 5 factors affecting crop production your article library. Light, water, temperature, humidity, ventilation, fertilization, and soil are chief factors affecting plant growth, and any one of these factors. Agriculture is a dominant sector of ethiopian economy which makes a lion share contribution to gross domestic product gdp, employment and foreign exchange earnings of the country. Due to environmental degradation and loss of ecosystem components, there would be reduced yield of food crops. Factors affecting economics in nigeria is lack of education, poverty, high cost to produce with low profit margins, roads prevent growth, and lack of support from the government. Environmental factors are those nongenetic factors which contribute to the characteristics of a plant.
In other words, they are the components of all factors which influence plant growth and development to the exclusion of the genetic factors. Apr 17, 20 the agricultural research institute ari examined the vulnerability of agricultural production to climate change, with the objective of determining differences in climate factors impacts on agriculture by region and by crop. At the same time, these food production systems themselves have a range of negative impacts on the environment. The climatic factors are abiotic or nonliving components of the environmental factors outside of genetic factors that affect plant growth and development. Dehydration stress imparted by drought, salinity and temperature severity is the most prevalent abiotic stress that limits plant growth and productivity. Top seven factors in crop production in march the pioneer growing point enewsletter had an article i was interested in which listed and ranked the top seven factors in crop production. Return on investment high returns from selling cocoa for little input will naturally cause more cocoa planting to take place. This paper is concerned with characterizing the effect that environmental and induced factors have on crop yields. It is the combination of these four environmental factors that create suitable conditions for specific crops. Objectives of the study the main objective of this study is to examine factors influencing agricultural production among cooperative farmers in anambra state, nigeria.
Factors that affect the distribution of agriculture s. The major factors affecting crop growth and development are radiation, temperature yield determining, water, nutrition yield limiting, and pests and diseases yield reducing van ittersum and rabbinge, 1997. The above characters are less influenced by environmental factors since they are governed by genetic makeup of crop. It is the combination of these four factors that allow specific crops to be grown in certain areas. To maximize the production of any crop, it is important to understand how these. The genetic factor is also called internal factor because the basis of plant expression the gene is located within the cell. Corn silages with low concentrations of dry matter, high concentrations of protein, high concentrations of fiber, and low concentrations of starch indicate that the.
Measurement of factors affecting crop production by. Socioeconomic factors influencing agricultural production. Soil moisture water is a principal constituent of growing plant which it extracts from soil. It was to determine whether marketing factors, finances, government policies and physical and human resources affect coffee production in githunguri district. Environmental factors affecting corn quality for silage. The following are the atmospheric weather variables which influences the crop production. With a basic understanding of these factors, you may be able to manipulate plants to meet your needs, whether for increased leaf, flower, or fruit production. All environmental factors as climatic, edaphic, biotic, physiographic and anthropic socio economic factors interact with one another to influence the crop growth and production. Environmental factors that influence the location of crop.
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